1.中国民航大学 航空工程学院,天津 300300
2.中国民航大学 电子信息与自动化学院,天津 300300
3.中国民航大学 工程技术训练中心,天津 300300
吴军(1986— ),教授,博士,从事民用发动机故障检测与民用飞机蒙皮损伤检测相关领域研究。j_wu@cauc.edu.cn
郭润夏(1981— ),男,教授,博士,从事民用飞机故障诊断、剩余寿命预测和健康管理研究。rxguo_cauc@163.com
收稿:2025-07-11,
修回:2025-12-27,
纸质出版:2026-01-20
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吴军,李嘉昊,刘贵行等.基于近红外光谱辐照度和卷积神经网络的积冰分类方法[J].光学技术,2026,52(01):101-108.
WU Jun,LI Jiahao,LIU Guihang,et al.Icing type classification via Near-infrared spectral irradiance and deep convolutional neural networks[J].OPTICAL TECHNIQUE,2026,52(01):101-108.
飞机在运行过程中,特别是在寒冷的冬季和高湿度的环境条件下,在飞机起飞、降落等关键飞行阶段,飞机蒙皮表面积冰问题带来的危害尤为突出。提出了一种融合卷积神经网络(CNN)与近红外光谱分析的检测方法,用于实现对飞机蒙皮表面积冰类型的自动识别。构建了该方法的理论模型与实验方案,并提出了一种结合串联卷积模块与多尺度并联卷积路径的网络模型:IATNet模型。IATNet模型由1个一维卷积层(Conv0)、1个多尺度光谱特征编码模块(MSFE Module)、1个特征融合模块(FeatureFusion)、1个展平层(Flatten)和3个全连接层(D1、D2、D3)组成。经实验验证,IATNet模型在测试集上的识别准确率为98.15%,对比其他传统机器学习算法,识别准确率有显著提高。实验结果表明,检测方法可以精准识飞机蒙皮表面积冰类型,解决了传统飞机蒙皮积冰类型检测方案检测效率低、实时性差或易受环境干扰等问题。
During aircraft operations
especially under cold winter conditions and high humidity environments
the hazards posed by surface icing on the aircraft skin are particularly prominent during critical flight phases such as takeoff and landing. In this context
a detection method integrating Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with near-infrared spectral analysis is proposed to enable automatic identification of aircraft skin icing types. The theoretical framework and experimental protocol for this approach are established
and a novel network architecture—termed IATNet—is introduced
which combines serial convolutional modules with multi-scale parallel convolutional paths. The IATNet model is composed of one one-dimensional convolutional layer (Conv0)
a multi-scale spectral feature encoding module (MSFE Module)
a feature fusion module (FeatureFusion)
a flattening layer (Flatten)
and three fully connected layers (D1
D2
D3). Experimental validation demonstrates that the IATNet model achieves an identification accuracy of 98.15% on the test set
which represents a significant improvement over other conventional machine learning algorithms. The experimental results indicate that this detection approach can accurately identify the types of icing on aircraft skin
effectively addressing the limitations of traditional detection methods
such as low efficiency
poor real-time performance
and susceptibility to environmental interference.
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